In India, rice (Oryza sativa L.) holds a position of paramount importance among food crops, serving as the staple food for millions of people across the globe. In recent years, rice production in Kerala has faced significant challenges due to the increasing infestation of weeds. The weed flora in rice fields of Kerala is notably diverse, comprising grasses, sedges, broad-leaf weeds and aquatic weed flora, which collectively can reduce rice yields by up to 70 per cent. This alarming decline highlight the urgent need for effective weed management practices. Timely and accurate identification of weeds based on their distinctive morphological characteristics is crucial. Furthermore, understanding the habit, habitat, and even the potential medicinal uses of these weeds can provide a comprehensive approach to their management. This compilation aims to serve as a valuable resource, offering detailed information on the identification of various weeds found in rice fields of Kerala. By highlighting their unique features and potential uses, we hope to equip farmers, extension functionaries, researchers, and agricultural professionals with the knowledge necessary to implement effective weed control strategies and ultimately enhance rice production in the region.