This book offers a comprehensive exploration of Submerged Arc Welding (SAW), a vital process in modern manufacturing and fabrication. Designed for both academic and professional audiences, it bridges foundational principles with cutting-edge advancements in welding technology. The content is structured to guide readers from basic concepts to advanced applications, integrating experimental design, microstructural analysis, and digital innovations. Key chapters cover SAW equipment, materials, process parameters, and statistical optimization techniques. Readers will gain insights into weld quality measurement, microstructural evaluation, and predictive modeling. Practical guidelines, industrial case studies, and troubleshooting strategies provide real-world relevance, while discussions on automation, AI integration, and sustainability highlight future directions. Special emphasis is placed on quality assurance, safety protocols, and international standards. A dedicated chapter on microstructural studies details sample preparation, microscopy techniques, and hardness testing, offering valuable tools for researchers and engineers. Authored by experienced academicians and industry professionals, the book reflects a decade of combined expertise and collaborative research. It includes summaries, best practices, and checklists to enhance learning and practical implementation. Whether you're a student, researcher, or practitioner, this book serves as a reliable reference for mastering SAW and staying ahead in the evolving field of welding technology.